When it comes to male fertility, most focus on sperm count, shape, and movement. However another key factor is sperm DNA fragmentation. Even if semen parameters seem normal, high DNA damage can make pregnancy harder to achieve.

This raises a question: Is a standard semen analysis enough to measure nutrition’s impact? Research suggests it might not be. A Cochrane review found that antioxidant supplements may improve live birth rates in men undergoing fertility treatments. However, many studies have flaws, and experts do not agree on universal supplementation.

That said, a 15-week program with diet changes, coaching, and supplements has helped lower DNA fragmentation in some cases. Certain genetic factors also increase oxidative stress, harming sperm quality. Targeted nutrition may correct these imbalances and improve fertility.

What antioxidants protect sperm from oxidative damage?

Key nutrients for sperm health include vitamin C, vitamin E, selenium, zinc, coenzyme Q10, and omega-3s. But supplements aren’t a one-size-fits-all fix. If deficiencies exist, they may help—but always under medical supervision.

The takeaway? Your diet affects fertility. The right nutrients and lifestyle changes may support better sperm health. While research continues, science suggests nutrition plays a bigger role than many realize.

Read next: What you need to know about semen analysis